对于最新的稳定版本，请使用 Spring Security 6.4.1！spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

OAuth 2.0 资源服务器多租户

同时支持 JWT 和 Opaque Token

在某些情况下，您可能需要访问这两种类型的令牌。例如，您可以支持多个租户，其中一个租户颁发 JWT，另一个租户颁发不透明令牌。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

如果必须在请求时做出此决定，则可以使用AuthenticationManagerResolver要实现它，如下所示：spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

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@Bean
AuthenticationManagerResolver<HttpServletRequest> tokenAuthenticationManagerResolver
        (JwtDecoder jwtDecoder, OpaqueTokenIntrospector opaqueTokenIntrospector) {
    AuthenticationManager jwt = new ProviderManager(new JwtAuthenticationProvider(jwtDecoder));
    AuthenticationManager opaqueToken = new ProviderManager(
            new OpaqueTokenAuthenticationProvider(opaqueTokenIntrospector));
    return (request) -> useJwt(request) ? jwt : opaqueToken;
}

@Bean
fun tokenAuthenticationManagerResolver
        (jwtDecoder: JwtDecoder, opaqueTokenIntrospector: OpaqueTokenIntrospector):
        AuthenticationManagerResolver<HttpServletRequest> {
    val jwt = ProviderManager(JwtAuthenticationProvider(jwtDecoder))
    val opaqueToken = ProviderManager(OpaqueTokenAuthenticationProvider(opaqueTokenIntrospector));

    return AuthenticationManagerResolver { request ->
        if (useJwt(request)) {
            jwt
        } else {
            opaqueToken
        }
    }
}

的实现useJwt(HttpServletRequest)可能取决于自定义请求材料，例如 PATH。

然后指定这个AuthenticationManagerResolver在 DSL 中：spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

Authentication Manager 解析程序

http
    .authorizeHttpRequests(authorize -> authorize
        .anyRequest().authenticated()
    )
    .oauth2ResourceServer(oauth2 -> oauth2
        .authenticationManagerResolver(this.tokenAuthenticationManagerResolver)
    );

http {
    authorizeRequests {
        authorize(anyRequest, authenticated)
    }
    oauth2ResourceServer {
        authenticationManagerResolver = tokenAuthenticationManagerResolver()
    }
}

<http>
    <oauth2-resource-server authentication-manager-resolver-ref="tokenAuthenticationManagerResolver"/>
</http>

多租户

当有多种策略用于验证不记名令牌（由某个租户标识符作为键控）时，资源服务器被视为多租户。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

例如，您的资源服务器可能接受来自两个不同授权服务器的持有者令牌。或者，您的授权服务器可能代表多个颁发者。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

在每种情况下，都需要做两件事，并且需要权衡你选择如何做这些事情：spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

解析租户spring-doc.cadn.net.cn
传播租户spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

按声明解析租户

区分租户的一种方法是通过颁发者声明。由于颁发者声明随签名的 JWT 一起提供，因此可以使用JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver这样：spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

按 JWT 声明的多租户

JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver authenticationManagerResolver = JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver
    .fromTrustedIssuers("https://idp.example.org/issuerOne", "https://idp.example.org/issuerTwo");

http
    .authorizeHttpRequests(authorize -> authorize
        .anyRequest().authenticated()
    )
    .oauth2ResourceServer(oauth2 -> oauth2
        .authenticationManagerResolver(authenticationManagerResolver)
    );

val customAuthenticationManagerResolver = JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver
    .fromTrustedIssuers("https://idp.example.org/issuerOne", "https://idp.example.org/issuerTwo")
http {
    authorizeRequests {
        authorize(anyRequest, authenticated)
    }
    oauth2ResourceServer {
        authenticationManagerResolver = customAuthenticationManagerResolver
    }
}

<http>
    <oauth2-resource-server authentication-manager-resolver-ref="authenticationManagerResolver"/>
</http>

<bean id="authenticationManagerResolver"
        class="org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.resource.authentication.JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver">
    <constructor-arg>
        <list>
            <value>https://idp.example.org/issuerOne</value>
            <value>https://idp.example.org/issuerTwo</value>
        </list>
    </constructor-arg>
</bean>

这很好，因为颁发者端点是延迟加载的。实际上，相应的JwtAuthenticationProvider仅在发送具有相应颁发者的第一个请求时实例化。这允许独立于这些授权服务器启动和可用的应用程序启动。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

动态租户

当然，您可能不希望在每次添加新租户时都重新启动应用程序。在这种情况下，您可以配置JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver使用存储库AuthenticationManager实例，您可以在运行时对其进行编辑，如下所示：spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

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private void addManager(Map<String, AuthenticationManager> authenticationManagers, String issuer) {
	JwtAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider = new JwtAuthenticationProvider
	        (JwtDecoders.fromIssuerLocation(issuer));
	authenticationManagers.put(issuer, authenticationProvider::authenticate);
}

// ...

JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver authenticationManagerResolver =
        new JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver(authenticationManagers::get);

http
    .authorizeHttpRequests(authorize -> authorize
        .anyRequest().authenticated()
    )
    .oauth2ResourceServer(oauth2 -> oauth2
        .authenticationManagerResolver(authenticationManagerResolver)
    );

private fun addManager(authenticationManagers: MutableMap<String, AuthenticationManager>, issuer: String) {
    val authenticationProvider = JwtAuthenticationProvider(JwtDecoders.fromIssuerLocation(issuer))
    authenticationManagers[issuer] = AuthenticationManager {
        authentication: Authentication? -> authenticationProvider.authenticate(authentication)
    }
}

// ...

val customAuthenticationManagerResolver: JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver =
    JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver(authenticationManagers::get)
http {
    authorizeRequests {
        authorize(anyRequest, authenticated)
    }
    oauth2ResourceServer {
        authenticationManagerResolver = customAuthenticationManagerResolver
    }
}

在这种情况下，您构造JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver使用获取AuthenticationManager鉴于发行人。这种方法允许我们在存储库中添加和删除元素（显示为Map在代码段中）。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

简单地采用任何发行者并构造一个AuthenticationManager从它。颁发者应该是代码可以从受信任的来源（如允许的颁发者列表）验证的颁发者。

仅解析一次声明

您可能已经注意到，这种策略虽然简单，但需要权衡 JWT 由AuthenticationManagerResolver然后再次按JwtDecoder稍后在请求中。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

这种额外的解析可以通过配置JwtDecoder直接使用JWTClaimsSetAwareJWSKeySelector从 Nimbus 出发：spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

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@Component
public class TenantJWSKeySelector
    implements JWTClaimsSetAwareJWSKeySelector<SecurityContext> {

	private final TenantRepository tenants; (1)
	private final Map<String, JWSKeySelector<SecurityContext>> selectors = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(); (2)

	public TenantJWSKeySelector(TenantRepository tenants) {
		this.tenants = tenants;
	}

	@Override
	public List<? extends Key> selectKeys(JWSHeader jwsHeader, JWTClaimsSet jwtClaimsSet, SecurityContext securityContext)
			throws KeySourceException {
		return this.selectors.computeIfAbsent(toTenant(jwtClaimsSet), this::fromTenant)
				.selectJWSKeys(jwsHeader, securityContext);
	}

	private String toTenant(JWTClaimsSet claimSet) {
		return (String) claimSet.getClaim("iss");
	}

	private JWSKeySelector<SecurityContext> fromTenant(String tenant) {
		return Optional.ofNullable(this.tenants.findById(tenant)) (3)
		        .map(t -> t.getAttrbute("jwks_uri"))
				.map(this::fromUri)
				.orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException("unknown tenant"));
	}

	private JWSKeySelector<SecurityContext> fromUri(String uri) {
		try {
			return JWSAlgorithmFamilyJWSKeySelector.fromJWKSetURL(new URL(uri)); (4)
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			throw new IllegalArgumentException(ex);
		}
	}
}

@Component
class TenantJWSKeySelector(tenants: TenantRepository) : JWTClaimsSetAwareJWSKeySelector<SecurityContext> {
    private val tenants: TenantRepository (1)
    private val selectors: MutableMap<String, JWSKeySelector<SecurityContext>> = ConcurrentHashMap() (2)

    init {
        this.tenants = tenants
    }

    fun selectKeys(jwsHeader: JWSHeader?, jwtClaimsSet: JWTClaimsSet, securityContext: SecurityContext): List<Key?> {
        return selectors.computeIfAbsent(toTenant(jwtClaimsSet)) { tenant: String -> fromTenant(tenant) }
                .selectJWSKeys(jwsHeader, securityContext)
    }

    private fun toTenant(claimSet: JWTClaimsSet): String {
        return claimSet.getClaim("iss") as String
    }

    private fun fromTenant(tenant: String): JWSKeySelector<SecurityContext> {
        return Optional.ofNullable(this.tenants.findById(tenant)) (3)
                .map { t -> t.getAttrbute("jwks_uri") }
                .map { uri: String -> fromUri(uri) }
                .orElseThrow { IllegalArgumentException("unknown tenant") }
    }

    private fun fromUri(uri: String): JWSKeySelector<SecurityContext?> {
        return try {
            JWSAlgorithmFamilyJWSKeySelector.fromJWKSetURL(URL(uri)) (4)
        } catch (ex: Exception) {
            throw IllegalArgumentException(ex)
        }
    }
}

1	租户信息的假设来源
2	“JWKKeySelector”的缓存，由租户标识符键控
3	查找租户比简单地动态计算 JWK Set 端点更安全 - 查找充当允许的租户列表
4	创建一个`JWSKeySelector`通过从 JWK Set 端点返回的键类型 - 此处的延迟查找意味着您无需在启动时配置所有租户

上述键选择器是由许多键选择器组成的。它根据iss声明。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

要使用此方法，请确保将授权服务器配置为将声明集作为令牌签名的一部分包含在内。否则，您将无法保证发行者未被不良行为者更改。

接下来，我们可以构造一个JWTProcessor:spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

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@Bean
JWTProcessor jwtProcessor(JWTClaimsSetAwareJWSKeySelector keySelector) {
	ConfigurableJWTProcessor<SecurityContext> jwtProcessor =
            new DefaultJWTProcessor();
	jwtProcessor.setJWTClaimSetJWSKeySelector(keySelector);
	return jwtProcessor;
}

@Bean
fun jwtProcessor(keySelector: JWTClaimsSetAwareJWSKeySelector<SecurityContext>): JWTProcessor<SecurityContext> {
    val jwtProcessor = DefaultJWTProcessor<SecurityContext>()
    jwtProcessor.jwtClaimsSetAwareJWSKeySelector = keySelector
    return jwtProcessor
}

正如您已经看到的，将租户感知降低到此级别的权衡是更多的配置。我们还有更多。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

接下来，我们仍然希望确保您正在验证颁发者。但是，由于每个 JWT 的颁发者可能不同，因此您还需要租户感知验证程序：spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

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@Component
public class TenantJwtIssuerValidator implements OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> {
    private final TenantRepository tenants;

    private final OAuth2Error error = new OAuth2Error(OAuth2ErrorCodes.INVALID_TOKEN, "The iss claim is not valid",
            "https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6750#section-3.1");

    public TenantJwtIssuerValidator(TenantRepository tenants) {
        this.tenants = tenants;
    }

    @Override
    public OAuth2TokenValidatorResult validate(Jwt token) {
        if(this.tenants.findById(token.getIssuer()) != null) {
            return OAuth2TokenValidatorResult.success();
        }
        return OAuth2TokenValidatorResult.failure(this.error);
    }
}

@Component
class TenantJwtIssuerValidator(private val tenants: TenantRepository) : OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> {
    private val error: OAuth2Error = OAuth2Error(OAuth2ErrorCodes.INVALID_TOKEN, "The iss claim is not valid",
            "https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6750#section-3.1")

    override fun validate(token: Jwt): OAuth2TokenValidatorResult {
        return if (tenants.findById(token.issuer) != null)
            OAuth2TokenValidatorResult.success() else OAuth2TokenValidatorResult.failure(error)
    }
}

现在我们有了租户感知的处理器和租户感知的验证器，我们可以继续创建我们的JwtDecoder:spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

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@Bean
JwtDecoder jwtDecoder(JWTProcessor jwtProcessor, OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> jwtValidator) {
	NimbusJwtDecoder decoder = new NimbusJwtDecoder(processor);
	OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> validator = new DelegatingOAuth2TokenValidator<>
			(JwtValidators.createDefault(), jwtValidator);
	decoder.setJwtValidator(validator);
	return decoder;
}

@Bean
fun jwtDecoder(jwtProcessor: JWTProcessor<SecurityContext>?, jwtValidator: OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt>?): JwtDecoder {
    val decoder = NimbusJwtDecoder(jwtProcessor)
    val validator: OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> = DelegatingOAuth2TokenValidator(JwtValidators.createDefault(), jwtValidator)
    decoder.setJwtValidator(validator)
    return decoder
}

我们已经讨论了解决租户问题。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

如果您选择通过 JWT 声明以外的其他方式解析租户，则需要确保以相同的方式寻址下游资源服务器。例如，如果按子域解析它，则可能需要使用相同的子域对下游资源服务器进行寻址。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn

但是，如果您通过不记名令牌中的声明来解析它，请继续阅读以了解 Spring Security 对不记名令牌传播的支持。spring-doc.cadn.net.cn